What is the difference between .clone() and .to_owned() in Rust?

The to_owned() trait docs explain the difference. Clone converts &T to T, but to_owned() can convert from &T to another target type. A good example is the impl of ToOwned for str, which returns a String.

You'd need to look at the impls for the type you are working with. They would probably do the same thing, but occasionally (as with str), to_owned() does a more complicated conversion. In fact, there is a blanket impl - so unless you see a specific impl, it's a bit simpler to call clone().

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